Articles

Using of chemical admixtures like lime, cement, bitumen in soil stabilization are highly expensive in now a days. However, egg shell powder and common salt are could be preferable replacement in case of these manufactured materials as they are cost reducing. This research investigates an experimental study for stabilizing a clayly soil with eggshell powder as a replacement of industrial lime as well as the engineering properties of soil. Stabilization was performed at optimum eggshell and with 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10% of common salt. The addition of common salt reduced the Plastic Indices (PI) of the samples. The values reduced from 14.82, 11.11 and 7.99% to 8.03, 1.25 and 1.23% in samples A, B and C respectively. The unsoaked CBR values also increased from 34.78 to 50.99 kN/m2, 15.64 to 28.89 kN/m2 and 27.31 to 34.20 kN/m2 at optimum stabilization in samples A, B and C respectively. The result showed that the addition of common salt improved the compaction and CBR characteristics of eggshell stabilized soils. Moreover, it is observed that curing duration had significantly improved the strength properties mentioned of the stabilized soil samples.

In the present era of Internet of Things (IoT), data driven decision making is getting much acceptability in industrial and agricultural sectors. Increase in world population and reduction in resources for agriculture have challenged the conventional farming method to optimize the utilization of resources in a statistical way. Therefore, different field parameters need to be collected and correlated to decide the optimum amount of resource to be applied. Estimation of field parameters are possible by visually comprehending the variation in color gradient or by applying multiple specialized sensors for different parameters at the field. Estimation of physical parameters, field parameters and environmental parameters with required accuracy helps to determine the accurate amount of the resource to be applied. Optimization of resources is the key requirement in the present situation which is not possible without the appropriate sensors. In this paper different types of sensing mechanisms have been discussed with their pros and cons to highlight the potential research challenges in current sensing technology.

Aromatic compounds present in soil can be degraded by catechol dioxygenases. They degrade these aromatic compounds present in soil mainly by two processes, intradiol and extradiol process. A brief account of the processes along with developments in this area are presented in this article.