Browse Volumes & Issues

In a country with large number of rivers present, farming plays a key role in building the economy of that country. In a country like India, production of crop always has to meet the challenge of feeding the large population. Due to rise in demand of water in the various industrial sector and urban areas, it has become necessary to reduce the wastage of water in the crop fields. It has therefore been found by the researchers that traditional method of farming is not suitable to predict the right amount of water consumption in the field under the current situation of scarcity of water. Researchers have therefore invented the method of smart irrigation process that is capable to monitor soil parameters and control the process of watering the plants in the field. This method is popularly known as smart irrigation. Several costly systems have been designed by industries to meet the requirement of automatic irrigation. The objective of this paper is to provide a cost-effective solution for automatic irrigation system for the farmers who are unable to procure high cost solution.

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) is one of the most important invention of recent era. UAVs are popular for their use in places where humans are not allowed. Basically, UAVs are introduced in military to reduce casualty of their solder in warfront by a country. But later many possible applications have been found out by the researchers apart from its use in battlefield. Today the UAVs are popular by the Drone. This paper thrust on the principle of operation of drones and its major areas of application. Along with the discussion on foresaid topics, a system has also been proposed in this paper to monitor the faults of high rise structures and do small maintenance works where the installation of infrastructure could be costly and bears life threat.

This paper contains the basic design and construction of a bicycle operated pedal water pump which may not be useful for large scale industry or power plants but can be used in small scale cultivation, and water supply. For the construction of the pump very low cost materials are required and high skill is not required. The pedal power water pump requires a reciprocating pump which will operated by a bicycle. A reciprocating pump is a hydraulic machine converts the mechanical energy to hydraulic energy. In this pump certain volume of liquid is collected by suction in a closed fitted cylinder and then it is discharged using pressure induced by the piston. The pump set and other parts are setup in a frame bracket in which a foot pedals and drive shaft rotates and makes a motion for connecting rod which in turn causes the piston to move linearly. Pumps are a common means of lifting water from a water source to a useful point of access. This pump can be utilized where no electricity has been reached till now. It produces no pollution, it does not require any electricity, and more over it is very convenient for health purpose.

Nowadays the burning issue in the country is the deficiency of electricity in rural areas to provide required amount of cool environment to conserve specific kind of essential commodities. A possible remedy is to use fossil fuels on an average of 35% of the time. The generation of sufficient energy to fulfil the required needs may lead to significant operating costs and large volumes of greenhouse gas emissions. This paper presents a design of cooling refrigerator using solar energy. Under different types of cooling system, lithium-bromide (Li-Br) & water (H2O) is considered as the best pair for absorption coolant. In coolant (like water), there is zero ozone deficiency capacity and very little global warming potential. Thus, the proposed refrigerator is environmentally friendly. No moving parts are present in the system. The average insulation in India is more than 5.5 KW / m2 per day, which is the most abundant, pollution-free source of such facilities. This paper therefore emphasizes the use of renewable energy sources such as solar energy in the cooling system.

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) and Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANET) are two well-known types of the wireless networks which do not have a fixed infrastructure. They are popular because of their flexibility to create a network at any place where backbone network is not present. Such networks used to suffer from major challenges like limited power supply, efficient routing of packets and security of data from unauthorized access. This paper deals with the comparative analysis of the techniques proposed by scientists and researchers to enhance longevity of such network by minimizing energy consumption by the nodes of the network and propose a new technique based on that.

Nowadays we all are suffering from lack of water. In this circumstances rain water harvesting system is one of the most feasible and viable options to overcome the crisis. In this system the rain water is collected from rooftop through rain pipe and is being stored into a reservoir. Then the water is filtered and distributed for drinking and irrigation purpose. In this study the filtration system has been proposed using pulse corona discharge. At the time of water purification with the help of Pulsed Corona Discharge (PCD) technique water is allow to run into a reactor where the atmospheric air or oxygen is available and simultaneously a short duration high voltage pulse creates a Corona discharge. Consequently high voltage discharges are produced by the equipment which is as little as hundred nanosecond in duration and it can be said that it is equivalent to the duration of a lightning strike. This work bears a noble propose to implement the use of Pulsed Corona Discharge and it endeavours to develop a solar fed filtration system so that one can use it off grid as well.

Electric energy is the key driving force for the mankind. Electricity produced in the power plant is alternating in nature i.e. bipolar signal. DC current or voltage is another variant of the electrical energy that is preferred to be used from small toys to large separately excited motors. DC signal is produced from AC signal by using bridge rectifiers. In this paper the simulation of bridge rectifiers has been analyzed and improvement of some of the key parameters have been investigated.

Dustbin is a familiar term for all householders as well as every people. Dustbins are being globally utilised in public places, within bathrooms of any school, college and offices. An open dustbin is very unhygienic as mosquitoes, flies fly around it. Sometimes a very bad smell creates a lot of health problems. It also creates very unhealthy and unhygienic environment. Keeping in the view of these big problems, it will be a good idea to use smart dustbin for public wastages. Contactless dustbin will also help the society to fight against pandemic diseases. The designed dustbin has been presented in this paper. With the help of ultrasonic sensor, the dustbin automatically detects the human motion and gives the necessary response to servo motor. The detail working and necessary diagram are presented below in this paper.

Electricity is one of the key energies that is driving almost every automated device from household daily life gadgets to heavy instruments driven in the industries. Electricity is distributed from power plants to the industries and to the house through transmission lines. Electricity drives any electrical equipment in the presence of alternating (AC) voltage and current. AC voltage drives the AC current to flow through the wire and drive the equipment. But due to internal faults in wire, the current cannot come out of the power plug where the devices to be driven need to be connected. In such cases of faults, the best way is to detect the presence of voltage in power plug is to put an electrical tester in the plug point. But this technique of detecting the presence of voltage at the power point plug could be dangerous for life if is it is mishandled by untrained person. Hence in this paper a wireless, non-contact voltage tester has been proposed that can proved to be an instrument safe for human life specially for the persons who are not trained at all.

Electricity is one of the key energies that is driving almost every automated device from household daily life gadgets to heavy instruments driven in the industries. Electricity is distributed from power plants to the industries and to the house through transmission lines. Electricity drives any electrical equipment in the presence of alternating (AC) voltage and current. AC voltage drives the AC current to flow through the wire and drive the equipment. But due to internal faults in wire, the current cannot come out of the power plug where the devices to be driven need to be connected. In such cases of faults, the best way is to detect the presence of voltage in power plug is to put an electrical tester in the plug point. But this technique of detecting the presence of voltage at the power point plug could be dangerous for life if is it is mishandled by untrained person. Hence in this paper a wireless, non-contact voltage tester has been proposed that can proved to be an instrument safe for human life specially for the persons who are not trained at all.